[０８]フラッシュメッセージ<< [ホームに戻る] >> [１０]デバイス認証設定の修正
Gmailを使ってメールの送信をできるようにします。
以下の手順でGmailのセキュリティを２段階認証プロセスに変更し、アプリパスワードを生成してください。
mrradiology.hatenablog.jp
１．記述の変更 config\environments\development.rb(35行目)
「false」を「true」に変更します。
config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true
２．記述の追加 config\environments\development.rb(67行目)
「user_name」はご自分のGmailアドレスを、「password」に生成したアプリパスワードを入力してください。
#Gメールの設定 config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = { address: "smtp.gmail.com", port: 587, enable_starttls_auto: true, authentication: "plain", user_name: 'win.rails.learn@gmail.com', password: '生成したアプリパスワード' }
config\environments\development.rb
Rails.application.configure do # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb. # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on # every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes. config.cache_classes = false # Do not eager load code on boot. config.eager_load = false # Show full error reports. config.consider_all_requests_local = true # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled. # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching. if Rails.root.join('tmp', 'caching-dev.txt').exist? config.action_controller.perform_caching = true config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true config.cache_store = :memory_store config.public_file_server.headers = { 'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}" } else config.action_controller.perform_caching = false config.cache_store = :null_store end # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options). config.active_storage.service = :local # Don't care if the mailer can't send. config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger. config.active_support.deprecation = :log # Raise an error on page load if there are pending migrations. config.active_record.migration_error = :page_load # Highlight code that triggered database queries in logs. config.active_record.verbose_query_logs = true # Debug mode disables concatenation and preprocessing of assets. # This option may cause significant delays in view rendering with a large # number of complex assets. config.assets.debug = true # Suppress logger output for asset requests. config.assets.quiet = true # Raises error for missing translations. # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code, # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem. config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker # デバイスのメール設定 config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: 'localhost', port: 3000 } #Gメールの設定 config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = { address: "smtp.gmail.com", port: 587, enable_starttls_auto: true, authentication: "plain", user_name: 'win.rails.learn@gmail.com', password: '生成したアプリパスワード' } end
１．記述変更 config\initializers\devise.rb（28行目）
ご自分のアドレスを入れて下さい。
config.mailer_sender = 'win.rails.learn@gmail.com'
２．記述変更 config\initializers\devise.rb（160行目）
tureをfalseに変更します。
config.reconfirmable = false
config\initializers\devise.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true # Assuming you have not yet modified this file, each configuration option below # is set to its default value. Note that some are commented out while others # are not: uncommented lines are intended to protect your configuration from # breaking changes in upgrades (i.e., in the event that future versions of # Devise change the default values for those options). # # Use this hook to configure devise mailer, warden hooks and so forth. # Many of these configuration options can be set straight in your model. Devise.setup do |config| # The secret key used by Devise. Devise uses this key to generate # random tokens. Changing this key will render invalid all existing # confirmation, reset password and unlock tokens in the database. # Devise will use the `secret_key_base` as its `secret_key` # by default. You can change it below and use your own secret key. # config.secret_key = '32204ae839654bd9f63a7990f6c7ba06ae608a6855c9c1092e9c94852a964df00dcb8865ba401f988ba8c68b47468e04f876b679a8d8a9b917aa70e973e61943' # ==> Controller configuration # Configure the parent class to the devise controllers. # config.parent_controller = 'DeviseController' # ==> Mailer Configuration # Configure the e-mail address which will be shown in Devise::Mailer, # note that it will be overwritten if you use your own mailer class # with default "from" parameter. config.mailer_sender = 'win.rails.learn@gmail.com' # Configure the class responsible to send e-mails. # config.mailer = 'Devise::Mailer' # Configure the parent class responsible to send e-mails. # config.parent_mailer = 'ActionMailer::Base' # ==> ORM configuration # Load and configure the ORM. Supports :active_record (default) and # :mongoid (bson_ext recommended) by default. Other ORMs may be # available as additional gems. require 'devise/orm/active_record' # ==> Configuration for any authentication mechanism # Configure which keys are used when authenticating a user. The default is # just :email. You can configure it to use [:username, :subdomain], so for # authenticating a user, both parameters are required. Remember that those # parameters are used only when authenticating and not when retrieving from # session. If you need permissions, you should implement that in a before filter. # You can also supply a hash where the value is a boolean determining whether # or not authentication should be aborted when the value is not present. # config.authentication_keys = [:email] # Configure parameters from the request object used for authentication. Each entry # given should be a request method and it will automatically be passed to the # find_for_authentication method and considered in your model lookup. For instance, # if you set :request_keys to [:subdomain], :subdomain will be used on authentication. # The same considerations mentioned for authentication_keys also apply to request_keys. # config.request_keys = [] # Configure which authentication keys should be case-insensitive. # These keys will be downcased upon creating or modifying a user and when used # to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email. config.case_insensitive_keys = [:email] # Configure which authentication keys should have whitespace stripped. # These keys will have whitespace before and after removed upon creating or # modifying a user and when used to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email. config.strip_whitespace_keys = [:email] # Tell if authentication through request.params is enabled. True by default. # It can be set to an array that will enable params authentication only for the # given strategies, for example, `config.params_authenticatable = [:database]` will # enable it only for database (email + password) authentication. # config.params_authenticatable = true # Tell if authentication through HTTP Auth is enabled. False by default. # It can be set to an array that will enable http authentication only for the # given strategies, for example, `config.http_authenticatable = [:database]` will # enable it only for database authentication. # For API-only applications to support authentication "out-of-the-box", you will likely want to # enable this with :database unless you are using a custom strategy. # The supported strategies are: # :database = Support basic authentication with authentication key + password # config.http_authenticatable = false # If 401 status code should be returned for AJAX requests. True by default. # config.http_authenticatable_on_xhr = true # The realm used in Http Basic Authentication. 'Application' by default. # config.http_authentication_realm = 'Application' # It will change confirmation, password recovery and other workflows # to behave the same regardless if the e-mail provided was right or wrong. # Does not affect registerable. # config.paranoid = true # By default Devise will store the user in session. You can skip storage for # particular strategies by setting this option. # Notice that if you are skipping storage for all authentication paths, you # may want to disable generating routes to Devise's sessions controller by # passing skip: :sessions to `devise_for` in your config/routes.rb config.skip_session_storage = [:http_auth] # By default, Devise cleans up the CSRF token on authentication to # avoid CSRF token fixation attacks. This means that, when using AJAX # requests for sign in and sign up, you need to get a new CSRF token # from the server. You can disable this option at your own risk. # config.clean_up_csrf_token_on_authentication = true # When false, Devise will not attempt to reload routes on eager load. # This can reduce the time taken to boot the app but if your application # requires the Devise mappings to be loaded during boot time the application # won't boot properly. # config.reload_routes = true # ==> Configuration for :database_authenticatable # For bcrypt, this is the cost for hashing the password and defaults to 12. If # using other algorithms, it sets how many times you want the password to be hashed. # The number of stretches used for generating the hashed password are stored # with the hashed password. This allows you to change the stretches without # invalidating existing passwords. # # Limiting the stretches to just one in testing will increase the performance of # your test suite dramatically. However, it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to not use # a value less than 10 in other environments. Note that, for bcrypt (the default # algorithm), the cost increases exponentially with the number of stretches (e.g. # a value of 20 is already extremely slow: approx. 60 seconds for 1 calculation). config.stretches = Rails.env.test? ? 1 : 12 # Set up a pepper to generate the hashed password. # config.pepper = 'e5ed481f9edff1111c47541d16cacaf5cfcca3a033dbb4e53df12ca0fc50094dcd77c1328e849b14ff5cd9a6723ccde0dc353a5dbcfd59f791ca72410c238556' # Send a notification to the original email when the user's email is changed. # config.send_email_changed_notification = false # Send a notification email when the user's password is changed. # config.send_password_change_notification = false # ==> Configuration for :confirmable # A period that the user is allowed to access the website even without # confirming their account. For instance, if set to 2.days, the user will be # able to access the website for two days without confirming their account, # access will be blocked just in the third day. # You can also set it to nil, which will allow the user to access the website # without confirming their account. # Default is 0.days, meaning the user cannot access the website without # confirming their account. # config.allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 2.days # A period that the user is allowed to confirm their account before their # token becomes invalid. For example, if set to 3.days, the user can confirm # their account within 3 days after the mail was sent, but on the fourth day # their account can't be confirmed with the token any more. # Default is nil, meaning there is no restriction on how long a user can take # before confirming their account. # config.confirm_within = 3.days # If true, requires any email changes to be confirmed (exactly the same way as # initial account confirmation) to be applied. Requires additional unconfirmed_email # db field (see migrations). Until confirmed, new email is stored in # unconfirmed_email column, and copied to email column on successful confirmation. config.reconfirmable = false # Defines which key will be used when confirming an account # config.confirmation_keys = [:email] # ==> Configuration for :rememberable # The time the user will be remembered without asking for credentials again. # config.remember_for = 2.weeks # Invalidates all the remember me tokens when the user signs out. config.expire_all_remember_me_on_sign_out = true # If true, extends the user's remember period when remembered via cookie. # config.extend_remember_period = false # Options to be passed to the created cookie. For instance, you can set # secure: true in order to force SSL only cookies. # config.rememberable_options = {} # ==> Configuration for :validatable # Range for password length. config.password_length = 6..128 # Email regex used to validate email formats. It simply asserts that # one (and only one) @ exists in the given string. This is mainly # to give user feedback and not to assert the e-mail validity. config.email_regexp = /\A[^@\s]+@[^@\s]+\z/ # ==> Configuration for :timeoutable # The time you want to timeout the user session without activity. After this # time the user will be asked for credentials again. Default is 30 minutes. # config.timeout_in = 30.minutes # ==> Configuration for :lockable # Defines which strategy will be used to lock an account. # :failed_attempts = Locks an account after a number of failed attempts to sign in. # :none = No lock strategy. You should handle locking by yourself. # config.lock_strategy = :failed_attempts # Defines which key will be used when locking and unlocking an account # config.unlock_keys = [:email] # Defines which strategy will be used to unlock an account. # :email = Sends an unlock link to the user email # :time = Re-enables login after a certain amount of time (see :unlock_in below) # :both = Enables both strategies # :none = No unlock strategy. You should handle unlocking by yourself. # config.unlock_strategy = :both # Number of authentication tries before locking an account if lock_strategy # is failed attempts. # config.maximum_attempts = 20 # Time interval to unlock the account if :time is enabled as unlock_strategy. # config.unlock_in = 1.hour # Warn on the last attempt before the account is locked. # config.last_attempt_warning = true # ==> Configuration for :recoverable # # Defines which key will be used when recovering the password for an account # config.reset_password_keys = [:email] # Time interval you can reset your password with a reset password key. # Don't put a too small interval or your users won't have the time to # change their passwords. config.reset_password_within = 6.hours # When set to false, does not sign a user in automatically after their password is # reset. Defaults to true, so a user is signed in automatically after a reset. # config.sign_in_after_reset_password = true # ==> Configuration for :encryptable # Allow you to use another hashing or encryption algorithm besides bcrypt (default). # You can use :sha1, :sha512 or algorithms from others authentication tools as # :clearance_sha1, :authlogic_sha512 (then you should set stretches above to 20 # for default behavior) and :restful_authentication_sha1 (then you should set # stretches to 10, and copy REST_AUTH_SITE_KEY to pepper). # # Require the `devise-encryptable` gem when using anything other than bcrypt # config.encryptor = :sha512 # ==> Scopes configuration # Turn scoped views on. Before rendering "sessions/new", it will first check for # "users/sessions/new". It's turned off by default because it's slower if you # are using only default views. # config.scoped_views = false # Configure the default scope given to Warden. By default it's the first # devise role declared in your routes (usually :user). # config.default_scope = :user # Set this configuration to false if you want /users/sign_out to sign out # only the current scope. By default, Devise signs out all scopes. # config.sign_out_all_scopes = true # ==> Navigation configuration # Lists the formats that should be treated as navigational. Formats like # :html, should redirect to the sign in page when the user does not have # access, but formats like :xml or :json, should return 401. # # If you have any extra navigational formats, like :iphone or :mobile, you # should add them to the navigational formats lists. # # The "*/*" below is required to match Internet Explorer requests. # config.navigational_formats = ['*/*', :html] # The default HTTP method used to sign out a resource. Default is :delete. config.sign_out_via = :delete # ==> OmniAuth # Add a new OmniAuth provider. Check the wiki for more information on setting # up on your models and hooks. # config.omniauth :github, 'APP_ID', 'APP_SECRET', scope: 'user,public_repo' # ==> Warden configuration # If you want to use other strategies, that are not supported by Devise, or # change the failure app, you can configure them inside the config.warden block. # # config.warden do |manager| # manager.intercept_401 = false # manager.default_strategies(scope: :user).unshift :some_external_strategy # end # ==> Mountable engine configurations # When using Devise inside an engine, let's call it `MyEngine`, and this engine # is mountable, there are some extra configurations to be taken into account. # The following options are available, assuming the engine is mounted as: # # mount MyEngine, at: '/my_engine' # # The router that invoked `devise_for`, in the example above, would be: # config.router_name = :my_engine # # When using OmniAuth, Devise cannot automatically set OmniAuth path, # so you need to do it manually. For the users scope, it would be: # config.omniauth_path_prefix = '/my_engine/users/auth' # ==> Turbolinks configuration # If your app is using Turbolinks, Turbolinks::Controller needs to be included to make redirection work correctly: # # ActiveSupport.on_load(:devise_failure_app) do # include Turbolinks::Controller # end # ==> Configuration for :registerable # When set to false, does not sign a user in automatically after their password is # changed. Defaults to true, so a user is signed in automatically after changing a password. # config.sign_in_after_change_password = true end
記述追加 app\models\user.rb（6行目）
「, :confirmable」の記述を追加。「,」を忘れないようにして下さい。
devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable, :recoverable, :rememberable, :validatable, :confirmable
app\models\user.rb
class User < ApplicationRecord # Include default devise modules. Others available are: # :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable, :trackable and :omniauthable devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable, :recoverable, :rememberable, :validatable, :confirmable validates :full_name, presence: true, length: {maximum: 50} end
コマンド
rails g migration AddConfirmableToDevise
マイグレーションファイル更新
db\migrate\20200723081403_add_confirmable_to_devise.rb
class AddConfirmableToDevise < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0] def change add_column :users, :confirmation_token, :string add_column :users, :confirmed_at, :datetime add_column :users, :confirmation_sent_at, :datetime add_index :users, :confirmation_token, unique: true end end
コマンド マイグレーション
rails db:migrate
Posticoでユーザテーブル確認
一度ユーザテーブルを空にします。
更新
app\views\devise\mailer\reset_password_instructions.html.erb
<p><%= @resource.full_name %>様</p><br/> <br/> <p>テストサイトMinpaku6です。</p><br/> <br/> <p>登録メールアドレス 「<%= @resource.email %>」</p><br/> <br/> <p>下記のリンクをクリックして新しいパスワードを登録してください</p><br/> <br/> <p><%= link_to 'パスワードを変更する', edit_password_url(@resource, reset_password_token: @token) %></p><br/> <br/>
更新
app\views\devise\mailer\confirmation_instructions.html.erb
<p><%= @resource.full_name %>様</p><br/> <br/> <p>テストサイトMiinpaku6にご登録いただきありがとうございます！</p><br/> <br/> <p>登録メールアドレス 「<%= @email %>」</p><br/> <br/> <br/> <p>下記のリンクをクリックしてアカウントを有効化してくださいm(_ _)m</p><br/> <br/> <p><%= link_to 'アカウントを有効化する', confirmation_url(@resource, confirmation_token: @token) %></p><br/> <br/>
更新
app/views/devise/confirmations/new.html.erb
<section class="hero is-dark is-fullheight"> <div class="hero-body"> <div class="container"> <div class="columns is-centered"> <div class="column is-6-table is-6-desktop is-6-widescreen"> <div class="box"> <div class="field has-text-centered"> <strong>登録確認メールを再送信</strong> </div> <br/> <%= form_for(resource, as: resource_name, url: confirmation_path(resource_name), html: { method: :post }) do |f| %> <%= render "devise/shared/error_messages", resource: resource %> <div class="field"> <%= f.label :メールアドレス, class: "label" %> <%= f.email_field :email, autofocus: true, autocomplete: "email", placeholder: "メールアドレス", required: true, class: "input", value: (resource.pending_reconfirmation? ? resource.unconfirmed_email : resource.email) %> </div> <br/> <br/> <div class="field"> <%= f.submit "再送信", class: "button is-primary is-fullwidth m-t-10 m-b-10" %> </div> <% end %> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section>
サーバ起動
rails s
ブラウザ確認
http://localhost:3000/
新規アカウント登録するとメールが送られてきます。
送られてきたメールからアカウント有効化をするとログインできるようになります。
↓↓クリックして頂けると励みになります。
